The spontaneous emission phenomenon of an excited atom is one of basic processes in quantum optics. The research on spontaneous emission has attracted lots of interesting for a long time. Now the knowledge about spontaneous emission works up deeply, photoelectron and quantum information rapidly develop, and the big progress in the technology is made to prepare the environment controlling the photons, such as all kind of high-Quality cavities、 photonic crystals and so on. All those can help us to control and change spontaneous emission, and provide us theoretical foundations and experimental suggestions. At one time, to control spontaneous emission lets us set eyes on wide foreground. For example, we can achieve low- valve laser and high-efficiency luminescence technology by controlling the direction of atomic polarization to change that of spontaneous emission; We can eliminate quantum noise form SE in photoelectron apparatus and design single atom laser, quantum LBD; and we also can produce and control single photon source、 quantum state and so on, which may be widely used in quantum information. The probability of controlling spontaneous emission has been a source of great interest in recent years. Broadly speaking, one can identify four main approaches: 1) compared with the vacuum, the modification of the density of photonic state; 2) use of the quantum measurement; 3) the coherent control of the dipole matrix elements to a common ground state; 4) other methods. Our main work is listed below in our paper.In chapter 2, we have studied the properties of the radiation from a ∧-type atom embedded in anisotropic photonic crystals with an external field. It is considered that one of the two transition frequencies is near the band edge of a photonic crystal and another is far away from the band edge. It is found that the dynamics and radiative properties of the system are dependent strongly on not only the relative position of the upper level from the forbidden gap, but also the intensity of the external field, the detuning from the resonant frequency, and the background decaying parameter. The localized field decays with the time due to existence of the background decay. The