The purpose of this research lied in the method that adopted factor analysis and natural classifying to explore the similarities and differences of Personality structure in the Han, Zhuang, Mongol, Naxi nationality, and revealed the personality models in the same culture condition but unlike subculture. This research adopted the method of correlation study and fieldwork to reveal the relation of the nationality ecological environment, the family parenting pattern, and the personality structure.The main results of this research included that the results from the method of factor analysis and natural classifying all got more consistent conclusion which these four nationalities' personality structure had the similarities, but also had the differences. The first, the Han, Zhuang, Mongol, Naxi nationality have the same factor of "extraversion" , the same personality structure dimension of "aggressive/negative", and the same classification of "moderated personality characteristic". The second, the differences of the personality structure of the Han, Zhuang, Mongol, Naxi nationality presented in the number and content of the factor, and the characteristic number contained of each nationality, personality structure dimension, and the average number of each nationality' natural classifying, etc. The result of correlation study between the family parenting pattern and the personality and the fieldwork with the background of four ecology cultures showed that the