There are the most styles of minority people living in southwest minority area, and there are relative complex brunches and system in which, the complex degree are seldom in whole country. There are "peerless all over the world natural -humanity system determined the dualism of minority development in southwest area, that is to say the draggle in economy and the abundance in culture." The huge problem restricting the development in southwest minority poverty area is the poverty issue, and the root of this problem is not because of the shortage of nature resources but the lacking of technology and human resource capabilities. In the finally analysis, the factor influencing the development of southwest minority poverty area is the human factor, and all manners and means for anti-poverty must to solve the human problem.So, it is essential to implement the total change from the old model of depending on mostly "blood filtering outside" to the new developing system named by "endogenesis creating blood " including focus on the industries development and the construction of human resource capabilities. It is necessary to develop some industries which adopting the characteristics of local economy, society, minority and culture, to construct the human resource capabilities system adopting the development of local industries, practicing the strategy of priority developing education and human resource development, advancing totally the capabilities level of human resource, and affording continuance and strong intellectual support for the development of industries and economy and society in southwest minority poverty area, and finally implement the goal of totally and successfully pursuing the east developed area.Education is the basement for economy society and minority culture inherit, and it is the essential way to improve the diathesis and innovate capability of whole nationality. Education is the mostly driving power for knowledge innovation, management and technological application, and it is the cradle of bring up innovation human resource. Nay, education is the essential power to create new industries and growth it. Obviously, it is mostly extruded and strongly in the knowledge economy time and take the high-tech as the basement of modern industries. Education has its particular value no matter what training high diathesis labors and professional, or improve the capability and knowledge to build up minority coherence power. Discussing the detail situation in southwest minority area, develop education is the only way to cast off poverty; education is the most important intellectual support for the economy and society development; education is the key factor to advance the industrial structure adjustment and achieve the transfer of rural residual labors. We can get the conclusion after comparative study that education lag is the essential factor of the realistic gap between east area and west area, and casting off poverty through developing education is the essential way to solve the all problems which restricted the economy and society development in southwest area. Essentially, human resource development lies on the function of the level and the quality of education.Education is not a simple tool for industry but a power for innovating, creating and stretching new industries in modern economy and society development. Education has the unable substitute function in cultivating new human resource in socialism new countryside. All of these functions make that the education has much more important value had ever been in the before.Based on the particularity of this area, this study consider that in the process of developing education and human resource development in southwest minority area we must firstly change the model of copy the model in east area or modern big city, and secondly embody the area characteristics and focus on the request for developing local economy and society. So, based on the industry