The German American scholar Erich Fromm (1900-1980) plays a leading role in the circle of Neo-Freudianism. He is also an important representative of Frankfurt School. Erich Fromm is a prolific writer on many areas, such as western philosophy, sociology, psychiatry, psychology, ethics and religion. His works make an in-depth analysis of modem capitalist society and the human nature of the people living in it. His theory is thought to be one of the most applicable to solving present-day social problems. Erich Fromm\'s works are very popular in the western world. Therefore, he exerts great influence on people from all walks of life.Synthesizing Freudianism and Marxism, Erich Fromm\'s theory probes extensively into the problems of man in historical and dialectical approaches. Scholars at home and abroad have ever analyzed Erich Fromm\'s theory from the aspects of psychology, philosophy, sociology, religion or culturology. Hominology characterizes itself as all-embracing while studying the problems of man, quite appropriate for the purpose of systematizing Fromm\'s theory. Centering on human studies which relate to literature closely, this dissertation reorganizes Erich Fromm\'s ideas into a theoretical system of Hominology in comparative approach. The author systematizes Fromm\'s ideas with a logical structure of 3 levels: the lost self, the search for self, and the redemption of self.In Foreword, the author makes a survey of the research work on Fromm\'s theory both at home and abroad after defining Hominology. Then the author sketches out the outline of the work, the research approach employed, and the main idea of the dissertation. The body of the dissertation consists mainly of 3 parts.Part I expounds the sources of Fromm\'s ideas first from four aspects: his life and academic experience, his family background, the social environment, and a brief list of the sources of Fromm\'s Hominological theory. Then the writing focuses on the two most important elements of the sources which offer decisive influences on Fromm\'s theory of Hominology: Freudianism and Marxism. The last section explicates the possibility of Fromm\'s synthesis of Freudianism and Marxism. The survey shows that Fromm\'s theory of Hominology embraces various sources which are integrated into his own theory. The fate of Freudianism and Marxism is "altered" with his integration, which fosters the unique characteristics of Fromm\'s Hominological theory.The Second Part is made up of Chapters 2-4. This part is the focus of the dissertation which expounds and systemizes Fromm\'s theory of Hominology. Revolving round human studies, this part is divided into three chapters entitled respectively "the lost self, "the search for self, and "the redemption of self, to systemize Fromm\'s Hominological theory on three levels. The three levels of his theory relate to each other closely. The first level of Fromm\'s theory of Hominology "the lost self is the start of his theoretical system. This section systemizes Fromm\'s theory with his description of the sick society in a "macroscopic" view and the morbid individuals or the lonely self living in the alienated society in a "microscopic" view. In the eye of Fromm, people living in the alienated society have lost their natural feelings. Their love is fake and sick. Their natural self is suppressed. The human nature is twisted. Therefore, the self of the individual is alienated, lonely and missing. The second level of his theory "the search for self is an all-round analysis of man, from the aspects of human condition, human needs, individual character and social character, social unconscious, living mode, with the purpose of searching for the lost self in the sick society. Fromm asserts that human situation results in human alienation. When analyzing human needs, Fromm attaches most attention to human social needs rather than human instinctive needs as Sigmund Freud does. Based on Freudian character theory and theory of unconscious, Fromm originates his theory of social character and theory of social unconscious, with which to analyze and to criticize the social reality. Fromm also classifies living modes into 2 types: "to have" and "to be", the latter of which is what Fromm hopes to promote. The third level "the redemption of self proposes the roads to the redemption of the lost individual self: psychological transformation and the social transformation. According to Fromm, only a man of reason and production, a man with freedom and the art of loving, only a man living happily in a sane society full of love, can he get rid of all kinds of shackles, can he get redeemed, can he get all-round developed.Part III (Chapter 5) makes the comments on Fromm\'s Hominological theory. The author holds that the integration of Freudianism and Marxism into Fromm\'s theory makes his theory more scientific compared to Freudian theory. Fromm\'s discerning eyes on the society draw his theory much closer to reality with sharp criticism. In Fromm\'s theory, there are always pairs of terms in form of binary opposition, as in "positive freedom" and "negative freedom", "active love" and "passive love", "active personality" and "passive personality", which impart to Fromm\'s theory dialectical color. The delicate analysis of the sick society and the morbid people in his theory does not put him into despair. On the contrary, Fromm\'s theory conveys all the way his optimistic attitude towards human future.In the conclusive part, the author makes comments on Fromm\'s theory of Hominology, pointing out the greatness and limitations of Fromm\'s theory, evaluating and forecasting the research work in the present dissertation. There is a close relation between the research work on Fromm\'s Hominological theory and literary study. The study of Fromm\'s theory is beneficial to the development of Chinese literary theory. It widens the view of literary study in China. It promotes Marxist theory of art and literature in China and multiplies the receptive views of Marxist theory of art and literature. At the same time, the research work is significant to the accomplishment of upholding the humanist idea of man-orientatedness and to the establishment of a harmonious society in China.