This dissertation researches into the problem of outlay investment in the compulsory education in the poverty-stricken zones in China.Human beings are constantly perplexed by the contradiction between resources and demand and we have been researching into and solving this contradiction. In the process of educational development, educational resources and demands do not avoid this contradiction. Compulsory education is started and developed all over the world. Universal education is open to all us, but the contradiction between education resources and education demands still exists. Compulsory education represents the basic demands of overall social development, it also stands for the individual development's fundamental demands for education, this is both social and individual equal rights and duties. Due to the existing poverty, the resources for the satisfaction of education do not contribute to the effective carrying out of compulsory education. China is under development, it is of vast territory, so all kinds of wide gaps exist. Poverty-stricken zones spread over many provinces, cities and autonomous regions. The resources of compulsory education in poverty-stricken zones are seriously inadequate. Poverty and duties contribute to radical contradiction and conflict. This is a practical and long-standing problem.The contradiction between poverty and duties is directly revealed in the contradiction between education outlay supply and compulsory demands. Hence, the key to settle this contradiction is to meet the requirements of educational investment. Different levels of economic growth lay restraints upon the levels of educational outlay investment, but, based on certain economic growth degrees, various allocation methods of educational resources may be chosen and the implement at operative and applicable layer is by means of certain systems of educational outlay investment to support certain educational resources allocation methods which will finally ensure the complete and effective investment of educational outlay into the field of compulsory education in poverty-stricken zones. This dissertation strives to research into the contemporary systems of compulsory educational outlay investment of our country, find the problems of the compulsory educational outlay investment in poverty-stricken zones, search for ways to settle the contradiction between educational development and demands in poverty-stricken zones.The main approaches to this research are to point out that in addition to the poverty of regions, the lack of educational outlay investment is mainly due to the current "shifting-down-focus" investment system by looking into the situation of compulsory education of tow poor counties. As for the solution of this problem, the first element is to be recognized the nature of "fused goods" for compulsory education, among which the co-existence of public and private element determines that the methods of compulsory educational supply should be chosen between the government and market on the condition of mutual complement. This characteristic also requires to make good use of the strength of civil society and the non-profit characteristics of the third sector to develop compulsory education, especially that of poverty-stricken zones. As a result, there should have three main kinds of educational investment in poverty-stricken zones-the government, the market and the third sector, they undertake compulsory education outlay investment together. Among the three kinds of investment, the government has to deal with the responsibility shift in investment. The system of relative centralized outlay investment is advised, but the responsibility of the government should be changed from "directly to the schools" to "directly to the families". It should permit the freedom of parents to choose schools on the condition that the minimum investment is ensured. This makes it possible for the operation of market as well as putting the educational resources to their best advantage. In this case, funds will not be allocate