Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) is a new biochemical analytical technology which has wide prospect in medicine, clinic diagnosis, environmental monitor and food detection etc. SPR technology has the advantage of label-free detection, real-time monitoring, and non-invasive analysis. This paper presents the design, modeling and development of a surface plasmon resonance biochemical analysis instrument.This SPR instrument has been awarded for a National invent patent (Patent No.: ZL 98102366.5). It's a SPR instrument based on angular interrogation, which can fulfill not only wide range but also highly sensitive angular scan. Utilizing the principle of virtual instrument, an expandable, easy to use system control and data processing software is presented. Micro fluid injection system, SPR Chips and temperature-controllable flow cell are developed as the accessories of the SPR instrument.A five-phase numerical model based on prism coupled is derived from Maxwell equation and Fresnel equation. Using the professional software-MathCAD, characteristic of this numerical model is simulated. The relationships between depths of the metal film, bio-sensitive film, cover slide, the refractive index of bio-sensitive film and the resonant angle OSPR has been discussed respectively. Additionally, a new phenomenon about SPR curve caused by light interference is discovered. The intervals of light stripe have an interesting sharp peak near the resonant angle. The corresponding incident angle of the peak is called interference-SPR angle, int-SPR- The similar linear relationship betweenint-SPR and the depth of bio-sensitive film, the refractive index of bio-sensitive film respectively compared with the resonant angle OSPR. It shows that it is able to use interference-SPR angle, int.SPR as a indicator to monitor v ery s mall c hanges i n b iochemical s amples i nstead o f the r esonant a ngleFour intelligentized SPR instruments have been developed successfully. The performance of the SPR instrument is tested. The full scale of angular scan is between 40degree to 70degree and the angular resolution is better than 0.001 degree. Several biochemical experiments have been researched on this SPR instrument and confirm the practicability in biochemical analysis.