At the present time, many cities in our country are being in the period of economic durative increase and rampant transformation of traffic mode structure. It is of great necessary to make scientific leads to traffic mode choosing behaviors. The supply of urban road traffic infrastructures'spacing resources is the most important one of the influence factors on traffic mode choosing behaviors. Due to the lack of scientific and mature theory and method on these problems, the works of city road traffic infrastructures'planning and management in our country are still out-of-order and passive. So, studying on the theory and the method of optimizing spacing resources of urban road traffic infrastructures is of great significance to reduce traffic jam and promote harmonious development of urban passenger transportation.The problem of optimizing macroscopic spacing resources supply-configuration of urban road traffic infrastructures is the main content of this dissertation, including six parts: the classification of road traffic infrastructures, the supplying mode of road traffic infrastructures, the principle of reciprocity between road traffic infrastructures supply and traffic modes choosing behaviors, the macroscopic equilibrium of urban traffic mode structure on given road traffic infrastructures supply, the integrated evaluation, and the method optimizing macroscopic spacing supply-configuration of urban road traffic infrastructures considering the inhibit of resources.What road traffic infrastructures exist in urban transport system? What characters is the layout and capacity of these road traffic infrastructures? And how correlative are they? Firstly, these three questions are answered in the dissertation, and thus the study range is affirmed.Different urban characters correspond to different appropriate urban traffic mode, and given urban characters & traffic mode is also corresponding to given road traffic infrastructures'supply mode. Therefore, research on the qualitative relationships among urban characters, traffic mode and road traffic infrastructures'supply mode is the precondition of research on the main content of this dissertation. Firstly, urban size, land use and economy are taken for the three main urban characters, according to which typical city types of our country are classified. Then the relationships among trip distance, time, creation rate, distribution, mode and every urban character are analyzed. And five passenger transport mode are suggested using overseas cities and existing literatures for reference. Finally, the appropriate supplying mode of road traffic infrastructures on typical urban characters and passenger transport modes are discussed.The urban transport mode structure is the macroscopic representation of all traffic mode choosing behaviors. And the road traffic infrastructures'supply characters are the most important influence factor of traffic mode choosing behaviors. So in the dissertation, the principium of road traffic infrastructures'influence on traffic mode choosing behaviors is discussed. Every influence factors are sum up and time, cost, comfort and habit are regarded as the four essential factors. The time and cost makeup of every traffic mode are analyzed, which confirm that the road traffic infrastructures'influences to time and comfort are the main aspects to traffic mode choice. Some relationships models about road traffic infrastructures'supply and trip distance & time are advanced. And the problem how to account trip comfort of all traffic modes is discussed, thus a macroscopic method to establish the