This paper aims at the scientific ways and means of management and its establishment, which is very important during the course of road maintenance. Based on the analysis of the production on hand, that is pavement management system (PMS), and the effect of its application, the management of pavement maintenance on highway is chosen as the study object and some theoretic matters are developed.Grounded on the status quo of highway maintenance in China, it is pointed that suitable management system of maintenance management on expressway (MS-EMP) should be established. Then MS-EMP's orientation and analysis way are discussed and the idea of different management models for different maintenance stage is put forward.The data of MS-EMP are analyzed and the pavement data are sorted according to the management wants. Then partition way of highway units, one important technique in data management, is studied. Analyzing the treatment idea, the fuzzy-clustering for pavements division by units in different length is established in the point of road specialty technical view, which offers the theoretic support for diminishing data redundancies.The evaluation methods in being for asphalt pavement performance are discussed, particularly including the different roles of the each item and integration evaluation .Then the progress orientation of the evaluation index for highway asphalt pavement is analyzed, and it is pointed out that different evaluation method should be adopted for different stage. According to the distress feature on highway nowadays shown in practical use, the pavement distress classification on maintenance need is set up. And the evaluation index system of different grade is established on the basis of mensuration means and highway trade environment. Summarizing and analyzing the known synthesized estimation of pavement performance, the method of matter element identification is used for the integration rank of the road performance level on the condition of the each set-up objective item, which strengthens the applicability of analysis tool in MS-EMP. For the born index combining the objective and subjective information , with the common index of PCI(Pavement Condition Index) as an example, artificial neural networks is applied for the model establishment and the NNTOOL is introduced to get a simple work,