Asphalt pavement has become the major type of pavement structure for high-grade highway in our country because of its good mechanics strength, comfortable traveling and easy to mechanization construction. At present the highway traffic is increasing rapidly, especially there are more heavy traffic and many over loaded trucks. So high-specification construction quality is necessary. Variability of asphalt pavement construction is one of the key factors affect pavement construction quality. On the basis of plenty of tests and test data, the author carry out research analysis for the main technology parameters which has variability and affecting pavement construction quality, determine the level of its variability, variability distribution and its influence for the performance of pavement.At the same time, the paper have studied reasonable technology parameters' standard and variety range which can assure the construction quality of asphalt pavement. The new viewpoints have been presented about pavement quality management. Test frequency, quality assessment methods, index system have been studied on the theory basis of quality management.The research of this paper divides into four parts:(1).The variability analysis of raw material including aggregate ,mine powder and asphalt. The index such as aggregate gradation, clay content, flat or spindly particles content, asphalt penetration degree, ductility, softening point, mine powder gradation etc have been studied. The measures have been put forward to reduce the variability.(2).For asphalt mixture, it is relate four aspects research that mixture temperature, mixture design method, asphalt content, mixture gradation. On the basis of traditional Maxshell design method, Developed Maxshell design method is put forward. Rational discharge temperature and paving temperature is determined. The variability of mixture gradation and asphalt content have been analyzed, and the measures of reducing variance have been put forward.(3).Road surface feature of compactness and evenness, the author have put forward reasonable rolling technology, influencing factors and the principle of rolling. For evenness, variability level, influencing factors and the measure raising evenness have been studied.(4).On the foundation of the content of preceding research ,the author have put forward asphalt pavement construction quality control index system and method. Adopting QDF technology, raw material, course control and acceptance index systems have been established. According to risk principal and measure type sampling standard, the test