China is now facing very serious water resources problems with the most three major—water resources shortage, water pollution and water ecology deterioration, and its essence is that all kinds of behavior concerning water people implement exceeds the carrying capacity of water resources and water environment. The solution harmonizing these contradictions and conflincts includes: one is the interbasin water diversion from outside or alternative water resources exploitation to enhance water resources and water environment carrying capacity in this district; the other is the self-discipline development, i.e. transferring positively the way of social economy development and water resources exploitation and usage, intensifying the management of water saving and water usage demand, controlling the economy demand within the regime of water resources carrying capacity. Obviously the latter is the basic way to implement water resouces sustainable usage. In order to do so, however, three scientific primises must be provided: first measuring scientifically district water resources carrying capacity; secondly predicting correctly the future economy social development tendency; thirdly formulating timely the effective adjusting-controlling measurements.Based on this recognition, this paper has established the theme of basin water resources carrying capacity research. On the foundationg of comprehending systematically domestic and foreign resources carrying researching present situation, this paper elaborate exploratively the content of ecology, technique, social economy and time-space of water resources carrying capacity, analyse and generalize the characters of water resources, put forward district water resources carrying capacity caculating method including determine water resources and its corresponding foundationg, predicting boundary tradition, dispositing water resources and caculating producing capacity, establishing carrying norms, caculating and analyzing carrying